Today in class we took notes off the powerpoint. Here are my notes that I took in class today, I didn't have my notebook to write them down so I had to use my computer:
- Hippias was a tyrant who ruled from 527 to 510 BCE
- his brother was murdered, and his rule became harsh
- eventually he was expelled from Athens (this is called being ostracized)
- in revenge, he began working with the Persian king Darius 1, helping them invade Marathon
- with Hippies gone isagoras and Cleisthenes (both were aristocrats) engaged in a power struggle
- Isagoras had support from some fellow aristocrats, plus from Sparta
- Cleisthenes had support of the majority of Athenians
- Isagoras becomes archon eponymous (tyrant)
- he ostracizes Cleisthenes
- Cleisthenes' supporters, and the ordinary athenian citizens, revolt against Isagoras' tyranny
- they trap Isagoras on the acropolis for 2 days, on the thirds day he fled and was banished in 508 BCE
- Cleisthenes- definitely member of elite
~ very rich
~ insulted from the "hoi polloi" (common people)
~ a crafty politician
~ saw the value of tapping into the talents, intelligence, and energies of the non-aristocrats (the middle classs citizens)
~ too bad he didn't realize the value of women
- What Cleisthenes did was a huge step forward- "getting regular folks" involved in governing
- but this first democracy had its limits
- citizens could participate- but only one-fifth of athenians were citizens (free adult male property owners born in Athens)
- after several years, Athens practiced a direct democracy
direct democracy
- it's where the state (or in this case, the city state) is ruled by its citizens
- rule is based on citizenship
-majority rule decides vote
- the agora citizens argued made speeches then voted with white stones (yes) / (no)
- it was first practiced in Athen under Cleisthenes by around 500 BCE
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