- During the 7th and 6th centuries BCE, aristocrats ran most of Greece
- aristocrats: members of the ruling class
- no women were allowed except the "entertainment"
- no middle class or slaves, and sometimes even certain aristocrats were left out
- sometimes aristocrats would form alliances with hoplites (well-armed soldiers), and formed alternative form of government called tyranny
DRACO (621 BCE)
- all athenians, rich or poor, are equal under the law
- but death the punishment for many crimes
- debt slavery is OK (work as slave to reply debt)
- Draconian~ unnecessarily harsh
SOLON'S REFORM (around 500 BCE)
- allowed all citizens to submit laws for debate at the assembly
- created the Council of Five Thousand (members chosen at random, to counsel the assembly)
- but... only free adult mall property owners were considered citizens
- women slaves were called "foreigners"
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